ON THE EFFICIENCY OF USE OF GRAIN COMBINES HARVESTING IN CONFORMITY WITH NATURAL PRODUCTION CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2018.01.099Keywords:
system, grain, production, technological complexes, efficiency, modeling, parametersAbstract
The article presents theoretical researches on the efficiency of the use of combine harvesters in different natural and industrial conditions of Ukraine.
To substantiate the rational composition of the combine farm of agricultural enterprises, which would ensure the timely implementation of works on the harvesting of early grain crops, the functional dependence of the average daily productivity of each combine on the factors influencing the course of the technological process is disclosed. Also, factors influencing the pace of picking up early crops in one or another field, namely, the speed of its movement in the pack, are indicated; the length of the turntables at the end of the comb, the length of the hopper discharge, the frequency of occurrence and the length of the elimination of technological failures.
The obtained regression equations for the optimal seasonal load for KSZ-9-1 «Slavutych» and Class Tucano 440 combines during their operation in the Forest-steppe and Polissya zones make it possible to determine that the crop yield has the greatest impact on the size of the seasonal load. It has also been established that seasonal load decreases with increasing crop yield, straw and lowering the length of the season. The minimum value of specific operating costs is obtained for the minimum values of yield and straw and the maximum length of the race, which is characterized by higher productivity (in terms of unit area) and more complete use of working time. However, when recalculating the costs per unit of collected products, a slightly different picture is observed - the lowest costs are obtained at high yields.
Consequently, studies have shown that the seasonal loading of combine harvesters varies widely, depending on the characteristics of the subject environment. So, for the KSZ-9-1 “Slavutych” combine in the Forest-steppe zone, the optimal seasonal load, depending on the yield, is 90 – 490 hectares, and for Claas Tucano 440 – 120 – 500 hectares.
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