SCREW OIL PRESS WITH COOLING SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2018.01.092Keywords:
screw press, «cold pressing» oil, cooling systemAbstract
A significant number of press manufacturers point out the possibility of producing oil with so called «cold pressing». But such presses are characterized by low productivity and high content of oil in the oilcake. The elimination of these disadvantages is accompanied by an increase in the temperature of pressing oil. In view of this, it was proposed to install a cooling system on screw oil presses in order to maintain an optimum temperature mode and to prevent overheating of oil and oil-bearing materials.
On the basis of the analysis of publications, it can be concluded that in the process of producing oil with «cold pressing», as a rule, presses of small and medium power are used. This is mainly due to the peculiarities of the use of this oil in nutrition and medicine. In particular, such oil has a relatively long expiration date.
For «cold pressing» of oil modern production equipment is used, tooled with different working modules. Some presses control the temperature, but there is no possibility of reducing it without loss of performance. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to study the technical and operational properties of the screw press with a cooling device of the locking part.
Considering the variety of methods and means for removing heat, a liquid cooling system with water was chosen as a coolant. The auger oil press is additionally equipped with a cooling system, executed in the form of a mounted on the nozzle exit of the cake of the heat exchanger, a liquid pump, connected with a heat exchanger and a radiator, which is also connected to the heat exchanger. In addition, the cooling system includes a fan, an electric motor for a liquid pump and a fan drive, a temperature sensor mounted on a heat exchanger, the control unit connected to the temperature sensor and the electric motor.
The device for controlling the cooling system of small screw oil presses is designed for measuring temperature indices, their processing, preservation and control of the operating elements, such as a water pump and a fan. For the given task the microcontroller ATmega328PU of firm Atmel is used. Digital sensors DS18B20 are used to determine the temperature. To output current values and convenient settings, we use the 16-character, 2-row LCD display based on Hitachi's HD44780 controller. In the block diagram of the control device of the cooling system of small-sized screw oil presses there is a three-stage comparison of the temperature of the shut-off part with the maximum permissible temperature.
In the process of the press operation, the settings have been made to ensure maximum productivity, provided the minimum residue of oil in the oilcake. In this mode, the temperature of the oil is the maximum permissible limits for «cold pressing». During this the cooling system does not work. By ensuring the regular work of the press, the device for cooling the shut-off part of the press has been switched on.
The designed device of the cooling system control allows us to maintain the necessary temperature mode of the screw oil press. The cooling system operates properly and well draws heat from the locking part when setting the maximum permissible temperature of the locking part on the control unit at 50˚С. Taking into account the low thermal conductivity of the press parts it allows to lower the temperature of oil by 10 ° С, which is quite enough to maintain its qualitative indicators. Possibility of information storage allows further in-depth analysis of temperature characteristics and operation of the cooling system.
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