STUDY OF THE DIMENSION INDICES OF SKELETAL BRANCHES OF A WALNUT TREE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31734/agroengineering2019.23.005Keywords:
walnut tree, skeletal branch, dimensional parametersAbstract
The article deals with the scientific problem of determination of the dimensional parameters of skeletal branches of walnut trees, namely the following parameters: the number of layers and skeletal branches on a tree; the diameter of skeletal branches (boughs) at the base; maximum length of branches; distance to the place of effort; angle of convergence of branches; the diameter of a branch at the point of capture; the branching angle of the skeletal branch from the central limb. It is established that dimensions of skeletal branches of a walnut tree depend on the tree age, its growth conditions, and pruning. The study of the skeletal branches of walnut trees was performed on the Bukovynskyi 1, Chernivetskyi 1 and Yablunivsky varieties of Prydnistrovska Horticultural Research Station of the Horticulture Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences in Ukraine.
The known measuring instruments, i.e. the SIGMA sliding calipers; DW040P laser distance meter (range finder); Skil0580AA goniometer were used for measuring.
On the trees up to 10 years old, the number of skeletal branches of the first and second orders is 7 – 8, and on trees of 40 years, it increases to 15 – 17 pieces. On the older trees, the diameters of the branches at the base and the branching angles increase, with larger values corresponding to the branches of the lower layers, and smaller ones to the upper layers. On the 10-year-old trees, the average diameter of the skeletal branches at the base is 48,7 mm, the branch angle – 46,1 °, and on 40-year-old trees – 78,3 mm and 61,6 ° respectively. The skeletal branches with Dг diameter in the base are divided into two size groups: the first – 50 – 70 mm, the second – 70 – 90 mm. The length of the branches of the first size group varies within 2,54 – 3,22 m, the second – within 2,86 – 3,94 m, and the angle of convergence of the cross-section of the branches – 0,42 – 0,63 °. The diameter of the branches at the point of capture varies within 24,1 – 45,3 mm.
The results of study supply substantiation of the design and technological parameters of hand and cable vibration and vibration shock shakers.
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